{"id":32151,"date":"2026-02-13T22:33:04","date_gmt":"2026-02-13T22:33:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bihavadis.com\/?p=32151"},"modified":"2026-02-13T22:33:04","modified_gmt":"2026-02-13T22:33:04","slug":"kadinlarin-isgucune-katiliminda-alarm-artis-var-ama-ivme-kayboluyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bihavadis.com\/index.php\/2026\/02\/13\/kadinlarin-isgucune-katiliminda-alarm-artis-var-ama-ivme-kayboluyor\/","title":{"rendered":"Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n \u0130\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcne Kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131nda Alarm: Art\u0131\u015f Var Ama \u0130vme Kayboluyor"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcne kat\u0131l\u0131m oran\u0131, bir \u00fclkenin yaln\u0131zca ekonomik performans\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda toplumsal e\u015fitlik d\u00fczeyini ve sosyal politikalar\u0131n\u0131n etkinli\u011fini de yans\u0131tan temel g\u00f6stergelerden biri. K\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte kad\u0131n istihdam\u0131nda art\u0131\u015f e\u011filimi s\u00fcrse de son y\u0131llarda bu ivmenin yava\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. \u0130stinye \u00dcniversitesi iktisadi, \u0130dari ve Sosyal Bilimler Fak\u00fcltesi Dekan\u0131 Prof. Dr. Figen Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m\u2019\u0131n verdi\u011fi bilgilere g\u00f6re, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de kad\u0131nlar\u0131n i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcne kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 artmakla birlikte hem d\u00fcnya hem de Avrupa Birli\u011fi ortalamalar\u0131n\u0131n gerisinde kal\u0131yor. Uzmanlara g\u00f6re tablo, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n istihdama eri\u015fiminde ve kariyer ilerlemesinde s\u00fcregelen yap\u0131sal sorunlara i\u015faret ediyor.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u201cKad\u0131nlar\u0131n i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fcne kat\u0131l\u0131m art\u0131\u015f\u0131 yava\u015flad\u0131\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcne kat\u0131l\u0131m oran\u0131 art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n son y\u0131llarda yava\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten Prof. Dr. Figen Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m, \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yledi:<\/p>\n<p>\u201cKad\u0131nlar\u0131n i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcne kat\u0131l\u0131m oran\u0131, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00e7a\u011f\u0131ndaki kad\u0131n n\u00fcfusun ne kadar\u0131n\u0131n istihdamda ya da aktif olarak i\u015f arad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren temel bir g\u00f6stergedir. Bu oran, yaln\u0131zca ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcmeyi de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda toplumsal e\u015fitlik, e\u011fitim d\u00fczeyi ve sosyal politika etkinli\u011fini de yans\u0131t\u0131r. D\u00fcnya genelinde, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcne kat\u0131l\u0131m oran\u0131 uzun vadede art\u0131\u015f e\u011filiminde olmakla birlikte son y\u0131llarda bu art\u0131\u015f\u0131n belirgin bi\u00e7imde yava\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Uluslararas\u0131 \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (ILO) ve D\u00fcnya Bankas\u0131 verilerine g\u00f6re, k\u00fcresel kad\u0131n i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcne kat\u0131l\u0131m oran\u0131 bug\u00fcn yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 50 d\u00fczeyindedir. 2014 sonras\u0131 d\u00f6nemde \u00f6zellikle geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkelerde art\u0131\u015f s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f, ancak pandemi sonras\u0131 toparlanma s\u00fcreci bu ivmeyi s\u0131n\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. K\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte h\u00e2l\u00e2 erkeklerle kad\u0131nlar aras\u0131nda yakla\u015f\u0131k 18\u201320 puanl\u0131k bir kat\u0131l\u0131m fark\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de kad\u0131nlar\u0131n i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcne kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6steriyor<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019de kad\u0131nlar\u0131n i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcne kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131, 2000\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na k\u0131yasla artm\u0131\u015f olsa da bu art\u0131\u015f yava\u015f ve k\u0131r\u0131lgan bir seyir izlemektedir\u201d diyen Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m, \u015f\u00f6yle devam etti:<\/p>\n<p>\u201cD\u00fcnya Bankas\u0131 ve T\u00dc\u0130K verilerine g\u00f6re T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de kad\u0131nlar\u0131n i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcne kat\u0131l\u0131m oran\u0131 2002\u2019de yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 27,9 iken 2023\u2019te y\u00fczde 35,8\u2019e, 2024 itibar\u0131yla ise yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 36 d\u00fczeyine y\u00fckselmi\u015ftir. Bu durum uzun vadede bir ilerlemeye i\u015faret etse de, son be\u015f y\u0131lda art\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n belirgin bi\u00e7imde d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Pandemi d\u00f6nemi kad\u0131n istihdam\u0131n\u0131 olumsuz etkilemi\u015f, toparlanma ise s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de e\u011filim y\u00f6n olarak yukar\u0131, ancak h\u0131z a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan zay\u0131flam\u0131\u015f durumdad\u0131r. Ancak bu oranlar\u0131 yaln\u0131zca toplam kat\u0131l\u0131m \u00fczerinden okumak yeterli de\u011fildir. Alt k\u0131r\u0131l\u0131mlara bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda tablo daha \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de kad\u0131n istihdam oran\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 31\u201335 band\u0131nda seyrederken, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n y\u00f6netici pozisyonlar\u0131ndaki pay\u0131 y\u00fczde 20\u2019ler d\u00fczeyindedir. Bu oran, Avrupa Birli\u011fi \u00fclkelerinin belirgin bi\u00e7imde gerisindedir. Ba\u015fka bir ifadeyle, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de kad\u0131nlar istihdama girmekte zorland\u0131klar\u0131 gibi, girdiklerinde de yukar\u0131 do\u011fru ilerlemede ciddi bir \u2018cam tavan\u2019 ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmaktad\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u201cAB\u2019de kad\u0131nlar\u0131n istihdam oran\u0131 y\u00fczde 70,8 d\u00fczeyine ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f durumda\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Avrupa Birli\u011fi \u00fclkelerinde farkl\u0131 bir tablo oldu\u011funa dikkat \u00e7eken Profes\u00f6r, \u201cAvrupa Birli\u011fi \u00fclkelerinde ise tablo farkl\u0131d\u0131r. Eurostat verilerine g\u00f6re AB\u2019de kad\u0131nlar\u0131n istihdam oran\u0131 y\u00fczde 70,8 d\u00fczeyine ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f durumdad\u0131r. Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcne kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 y\u00fcksek ve istikrarl\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca son on y\u0131lda beyaz yaka kad\u0131n istihdam\u0131 d\u00fczenli bi\u00e7imde artarken, mavi yaka kad\u0131n istihdam\u0131n\u0131n pay\u0131 azalmaktad\u0131r. Bu durum, Avrupa\u2019da mesleki d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn ve nitelikli istihdama ge\u00e7i\u015fin kad\u0131nlar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan daha sistematik bi\u00e7imde y\u00f6netildi\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir. Buna kar\u015f\u0131n AB \u00fclkelerinde de kad\u0131nlar\u0131n \u00fcst ve karar verici pozisyonlarda temsili, toplam istihdam i\u00e7indeki paylar\u0131na k\u0131yasla daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. Yani Avrupa\u2019da temel sorun istihdama kat\u0131l\u0131m de\u011fil, y\u00fcksek d\u00fczeyli g\u00f6revlerde e\u015fit temsil meselesidir. T\u00fcrkiye ile Avrupa aras\u0131ndaki fark tam da bu noktada belirginle\u015fmektedir. Avrupa\u2019da sorun daha \u00e7ok \u2018y\u00fckseli\u015f\u2019, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ise hem \u2018kat\u0131l\u0131m\u2019 hem \u2018y\u00fckseli\u015f\u2019tir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de kad\u0131nlar istihdamda nicel olarak s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 temsil edilirken, nitel olarak da y\u00f6netim kademelerinde yo\u011fun bir ayr\u0131\u015fma ya\u015famaktad\u0131r. 2014\u20132023 d\u00f6neminde beyaz yaka kad\u0131n istihdam\u0131 artm\u0131\u015f olsa da bu art\u0131\u015f y\u00f6netici pozisyonlar\u0131na ayn\u0131 oranda yans\u0131mam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u201cKad\u0131n y\u00f6netici oran\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 20\u2019lerde\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Kad\u0131nlar i\u015f d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 en b\u00fcy\u00fck zorluklarla ilgili de bilgi veren Prof. Dr. Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m, \u015f\u00f6yle konu\u015ftu:<\/p>\n<p>\u201cKad\u0131nlar\u0131n i\u015f d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorunlar tek bir ba\u015fl\u0131k alt\u0131nda toplanamaz; yap\u0131sal, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve kurumsal engeller i\u00e7 i\u00e7edir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de kad\u0131nlar\u0131n i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcne kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 art\u0131\u015f e\u011filiminde olsa da h\u00e2l\u00e2 AB ve d\u00fcnya ortalamalar\u0131n\u0131n olduk\u00e7a alt\u0131ndad\u0131r; bu da sorunun yaln\u0131zca ekonomik nedenlerle a\u00e7\u0131klanamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. En temel sorunlardan biri bak\u0131m y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fcn b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde kad\u0131nlar\u0131n \u00fczerinde olmas\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7ocuk, ya\u015fl\u0131 ve hasta bak\u0131m\u0131na y\u00f6nelik kamusal hizmetlerin yetersizli\u011fi ile esnek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma modellerinin yayg\u0131n olmamas\u0131, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n istihdama kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ve i\u015fte kal\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 olumsuz etkilemektedir. Bir di\u011fer \u00f6nemli alan kariyer ilerlemesidir. Kad\u0131nlar istihdama girseler bile y\u00f6netici pozisyonlara y\u00fckselmede ciddi bir cam tavanla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmakta; kad\u0131n y\u00f6netici oran\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 20\u2019lerde kalmas\u0131 bu durumu ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. Toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri, g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez \u00f6nyarg\u0131lar ve \u00fccret e\u015fitsizli\u011fi de bu tabloyu peki\u015ftirmektedir. AB ve k\u00fcresel \u00f6rnekler, kal\u0131c\u0131 ilerlemenin e\u011fitim, bak\u0131m altyap\u0131s\u0131, esnek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve e\u015fitlik\u00e7i politikalar\u0131n birlikte uygulanmas\u0131yla m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir. Bu do\u011frultuda kad\u0131n istihdam\u0131n\u0131 destekleyen ekosistemler ve buna \u00f6zg\u00fc \u00fcretim alanlar\u0131 geli\u015ftirilmelidir.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u201c\u00dccret e\u015fitsizli\u011fi kader de\u011fildir\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019de cinsiyete dayal\u0131 \u00fccret fark\u0131, bireysel bir adaletsizlikten \u00e7ok yap\u0131sal bir e\u015fitsizliktir\u201d diyen Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m, \u015f\u00f6yle devam etti:<\/p>\n<p>\u201cT\u00dc\u0130K ve OECD verilerine g\u00f6re kad\u0131nlar\u0131n ortalama kazanc\u0131 erkeklere k\u0131yasla yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 15\u201320 daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. E\u011fitim d\u00fczeyi y\u00fckseldik\u00e7e fark azalsa da tamamen ortadan kalkmamaktad\u0131r. Bu durum, sorunun do\u011frudan \u2018ayn\u0131 i\u015f\u2013ayn\u0131 \u00fccret\u2019 ihlalinden ziyade dolayl\u0131 ve yap\u0131sal mekanizmalarla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. \u00dccret fark\u0131n\u0131n temel nedenlerinden biri kad\u0131nlar\u0131n daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccretli sekt\u00f6r ve pozisyonlarda yo\u011funla\u015fmas\u0131d\u0131r. Kad\u0131nlar daha \u00e7ok hizmet sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde, kay\u0131t d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ya da yar\u0131 zamanl\u0131 i\u015flerde yer al\u0131rken; erkekler \u00fccret ve terfi imk\u00e2n\u0131 daha y\u00fcksek alanlarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla fark \u00e7o\u011fu zaman ayn\u0131 unvandan de\u011fil, farkl\u0131 kariyer yollar\u0131ndan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. Bir di\u011fer \u00f6nemli neden kariyer kesintileridir. \u00c7ocuk ve bak\u0131m sorumluluklar\u0131 nedeniyle kad\u0131nlar i\u015f ya\u015fam\u0131na ara verebilmekte, daha yava\u015f terfi etmekte ya da daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccretli esnek i\u015fleri tercih etmek zorunda kalmaktad\u0131r. Buna ek olarak, y\u00f6netici pozisyonlarda kad\u0131nlar\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck temsili, g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez \u00f6nyarg\u0131lar, \u00fccret pazarl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda dezavantaj ve \u015feffaf olmayan \u00fccret politikalar\u0131 da fark\u0131 derinle\u015ftirmektedir. Uluslararas\u0131 \u00f6rnekler bu sorunun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilir oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir. \u0130zlanda\u2019da e\u015fit \u00fccret belgelendirme zorunlulu\u011fu, AB\u2019de ise 2026 itibar\u0131yla y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girecek \u00fccret \u015feffafl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fczenlemeleri \u00fccret fark\u0131n\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131nda etkili ara\u00e7lard\u0131r. \u0130skandinav \u00fclkelerinde babal\u0131k izninin zorunlu ve devredilemez olmas\u0131 da kad\u0131nlar\u0131n kariyer kesintilerini azaltarak uzun vadede \u00fccret e\u015fitsizli\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u00fccret e\u015fitsizli\u011finin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00fccret \u015feffafl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, objektif \u00fccret ve terfi sistemlerinin kurulmas\u0131, d\u00fczenli \u00fccret e\u015fitli\u011fi analizlerinin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ve kad\u0131nlar\u0131n y\u00f6netici pozisyonlara y\u00fckselmesini destekleyen politikalar\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesi kritik \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, \u00fccret e\u015fitsizli\u011fi kader de\u011fildir; kamu ve \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn e\u015f zamanl\u0131 ve kararl\u0131 ad\u0131mlar\u0131yla kal\u0131c\u0131 bi\u00e7imde azalt\u0131labilir.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u201cB\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl ve kararl\u0131 bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm iradesi\u00a0gerekli\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Prof. Dr. Figen Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m, daha fazla kad\u0131n\u0131n i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fcne kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 al\u0131nabilecek \u00f6nlemlerle ilgili ise \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor:<\/p>\n<p>\u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin kad\u0131n istihdam\u0131nda ger\u00e7ek bir s\u0131\u00e7rama yapabilmesi i\u00e7in par\u00e7a par\u00e7a \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler yerine b\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl ve kararl\u0131 bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm iradesi gerekmektedir. Yaln\u0131zca istihdam yaratmak yeterli de\u011fildir; kad\u0131nlar\u0131n i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcne kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlayan yap\u0131sal engeller e\u015f zamanl\u0131 ele al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu noktada bak\u0131m y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc hafifletecek kamusal mekanizmalar\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesi, \u00f6zellikle yayg\u0131n kre\u015fler ve ya\u015fl\u0131 bak\u0131m hizmetleri, kad\u0131n istihdam\u0131nda en h\u0131zl\u0131 ve kal\u0131c\u0131 etkiyi yaratmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0\u0130kinci kritik alan, esnek ama g\u00fcvenceli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma modellerinin yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. Uzaktan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, esnek saatler ve sosyal g\u00fcvenceden kopmayan yar\u0131 zamanl\u0131 istihdam, \u00f6zellikle e\u011fitimli kad\u0131nlar\u0131n i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcnde kal\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Avrupa Birli\u011fi deneyimleri, bu modellerin kad\u0131n istihdam\u0131n\u0131 istikrarl\u0131 bi\u00e7imde y\u00fckseltti\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir. Ancak kal\u0131c\u0131 d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n y\u00f6netici ve karar alma pozisyonlar\u0131na eri\u015fimiyle m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. \u015eeffaf terfi sistemleri, mentorluk programlar\u0131 ve \u00fcst y\u00f6netimde cinsiyet dengesi hedefleri; \u00fccret e\u015fitsizli\u011fi ve cam tavan sorununu azaltan en etkili ara\u00e7lard\u0131r. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede US\u0130KAD ve \u0130stinye \u00dcniversitesi i\u015f birli\u011fiyle geli\u015ftirilen Kad\u0131n Organize Sanayi B\u00f6lgesi projesi, kamu, \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r ve akademiyi bir araya getiren b\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl bir model sunmaktad\u0131r. Kad\u0131n OSB; bak\u0131m altyap\u0131s\u0131, nitelikli istihdam ve liderlik programlar\u0131yla kad\u0131nlar\u0131n \u00fcretimden y\u00f6netime uzanan de\u011fer zincirine kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 hedefleyen \u00f6l\u00e7eklenebilir bir i\u015f birli\u011fi \u00f6rne\u011fidir. Kad\u0131n odakl\u0131 kamu ve \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r projelerinin yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131, yaln\u0131zca fark\u0131ndal\u0131k de\u011fil, kal\u0131c\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00fcretir. Ger\u00e7ek e\u015fitlik ise k\u0131z \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 ailede s\u00f6z sahibi bireyler ve i\u015f ya\u015fam\u0131nda g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc akt\u00f6rler olarak yeti\u015ftirmekle ba\u015flar.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Kaynak: (BYZHA) Beyaz Haber Ajans\u0131<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcne kat\u0131l\u0131m oran\u0131, bir \u00fclkenin yaln\u0131zca ekonomik performans\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda toplumsal e\u015fitlik d\u00fczeyini ve sosyal politikalar\u0131n\u0131n etkinli\u011fini de yans\u0131tan temel g\u00f6stergelerden biri.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":32152,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[395,380,1692,1110,1203],"class_list":["post-32151","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ekonomi","tag-is","tag-kadin","tag-kadinlarin","tag-ucret","tag-yon"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bihavadis.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32151","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bihavadis.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bihavadis.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bihavadis.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bihavadis.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32151"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/bihavadis.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32151\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":32153,"href":"https:\/\/bihavadis.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32151\/revisions\/32153"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bihavadis.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/32152"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bihavadis.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32151"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bihavadis.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=32151"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bihavadis.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32151"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}