Cammu ve Ke\u015fmir sorunu, Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler g\u00fcndemindeki en eski \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclememi\u015f meselelerden biri olmaya devam ediyor ve G\u00fcney Asya’da s\u00fcrekli bir gerginlik kayna\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Alt k\u0131tan\u0131n b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesinden yetmi\u015f y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n bir s\u00fcre ge\u00e7mesine ra\u011fmen, bu sorun h\u00e2l\u00e2 b\u00f6lgesel istikrar\u0131, n\u00fckleer bar\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve uluslararas\u0131 hukukun temel ilkelerini tehdit etmektedir. Pakistan’a g\u00f6re Ke\u015fmir, bir toprak meselesi de\u011fil; kendi kaderini tayin hakk\u0131, insan haklar\u0131 ve uluslararas\u0131 hukuk d\u00fczeninin g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fiyle ilgili bir konudur. Pakistan’\u0131n Ke\u015fmir konusundaki tutumu s\u00fcrekli, ilkesel ve BM kararlar\u0131na dayal\u0131d\u0131r. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k Hindistan’\u0131n Cammu ve Ke\u015fmir \u00fczerindeki kontrol\u00fc, r\u0131zaya de\u011fil zor kullanmaya dayanan gayrime\u015fru bir i\u015fgal olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n
Ke\u015fmir sorununun merkezinde, BM \u015eart\u0131’nda yer alan ve bir\u00e7ok BM G\u00fcvenlik Konseyi karar\u0131yla tekrar vurgulanan kendi kaderini tayin hakk\u0131 vard\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin 1948 tarihli BM G\u00fcvenlik Konseyi’nin 47 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131, Cammu ve Ke\u015fmir’i ihtilafl\u0131 b\u00f6lge olarak tan\u0131m\u0131\u015f ve halk\u0131n gelece\u011fini belirlemesi i\u00e7in \u00f6zg\u00fcr ve tarafs\u0131z bir plebisit yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Pakistan, kal\u0131c\u0131 bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn bu kararlara uygun olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini s\u00fcrekli dile getirmi\u015ftir. Hindistan ise bu kararlar\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f ve b\u00f6lge \u00fczerindeki kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc idari, askeri ve demografik y\u00f6ntemlerle peki\u015ftirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Hindistan’\u0131n “Hindistan Taraf\u0131ndan \u0130\u015fgal Edilen Cammu ve Ke\u015fmir” \u00fczerindeki iddias\u0131 uluslararas\u0131 hukuk a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan me\u015fru de\u011fildir. B\u00f6lge h\u00e2l\u00e2 uluslararas\u0131 alanda ihtilafl\u0131 olarak tan\u0131nmaktad\u0131r ve tek tarafl\u0131 ad\u0131mlar bu stat\u00fcy\u00fc de\u011fi\u015ftiremez. Hindistan’\u0131n 2019’da Anayasa’n\u0131n 370 ve 35A maddelerini kald\u0131rmas\u0131, uluslararas\u0131 hukukun ciddi bir ihlali olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu ad\u0131m, i\u015fgalci g\u00fcc\u00fcn demografik yap\u0131y\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmesini yasaklayan Cenevre S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi’ne ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r. Pakistan bu karar\u0131 sert \u015fekilde reddetmi\u015f ve bunun Ke\u015fmir’i kal\u0131c\u0131 olarak ilhak etme giri\u015fimi oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
KE\u015eM\u0130R SORUNU SADECE HUKUK\u0130 DE\u011e\u0130L, AYNI ZAMADA B\u00dcY\u00dcK B\u0130R \u0130NSAN HAKLARI KR\u0130Z\u0130D\u0130R<\/b><\/p>\n
Ke\u015fmir sorunu sadece hukuki de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir insan haklar\u0131 krizidir. B\u00f6lge d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en fazla askerle kontrol edilen yerlerinden biri haline gelmi\u015ftir. Y\u0131llar boyunca uluslararas\u0131 insan haklar\u0131 kurulu\u015flar\u0131 ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z g\u00f6zlemciler, keyfi tutuklamalar, i\u015fkenceler, zorla kaybetmeler ve yarg\u0131s\u0131z infazlar gibi \u00e7ok say\u0131da ihlali rapor etmi\u015ftir. 1980’lerden bu yana y\u00fcz binden fazla sivil hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Hindistan’\u0131n uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 AFSPA yasas\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7lerine neredeyse tam dokunulmazl\u0131k vermekte, bu da hesap verebilirli\u011fi ortadan kald\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Sivilleri k\u00f6r eden sa\u00e7ma sapan silahlar (pellet guns), uzun s\u00fcreli soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kma yasaklar\u0131, ileti\u015fim kesintileri ve toplu tutuklamalar y\u00f6netim arac\u0131 de\u011fil, bask\u0131 y\u00f6ntemleridir. Pakistan bu durumu uluslararas\u0131 platformlarda s\u0131k s\u0131k g\u00fcndeme getirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Pakistan’\u0131n tutumu sald\u0131rganl\u0131k veya yay\u0131lmac\u0131l\u0131k de\u011fil, uluslararas\u0131 taahh\u00fctlere ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131kt\u0131r. \u0130slamabad, sorunun bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l yollarla, diyalog ve BM mekanizmalar\u0131yla \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesini savunmaktad\u0131r. Pakistan, Ke\u015fmir halk\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fccadelesinin d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan y\u00f6nlendirilmedi\u011fini, tamamen onlar\u0131n kendi iradesine dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Uluslararas\u0131 toplumun rol\u00fc ise hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fc\u00e7ler zaman zaman endi\u015felerini dile getirse de bu s\u00f6zler somut ad\u0131mlara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmemektedir. Stratejik \u00e7\u0131karlar ve ekonomik ili\u015fkiler, insan haklar\u0131 konusundaki evrensel de\u011ferleri g\u00f6lgede b\u0131rakmaktad\u0131r. Bu sessizlik, uluslararas\u0131 hukukun otoritesini zay\u0131flatmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
BM, SADECE S\u00d6ZL\u00dc END\u0130\u015eLERLE YET\u0130NMEMEL\u0130, KARARLARINI UYGULAMAK \u0130\u00c7\u0130N AKT\u0130F ROL \u00dcSTLENMEL\u0130D\u0130R<\/b><\/p>\n
BM kararlar\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc devletler taraf\u0131ndan s\u00fcresiz \u015fekilde g\u00f6rmezden gelinebiliyorsa, \u00e7ok tarafl\u0131 sistemin g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fi sorgulan\u0131r. Adil ve kal\u0131c\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm, zaten uluslararas\u0131 toplum taraf\u0131ndan kabul edilmi\u015f \u00e7er\u00e7evede m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. BM, sadece s\u00f6zl\u00fc endi\u015felerle yetinmemeli; kararlar\u0131n\u0131 uygulamak i\u00e7in aktif rol \u00fcstlenmelidir. Bu, \u00f6zel temsilciler atamay\u0131, insan haklar\u0131 ihlallerini izlemeyi, ileti\u015fim k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131rmay\u0131, siyasi tutuklular\u0131 serbest b\u0131rakmay\u0131 ve \u00f6zg\u00fcr bir plebisit i\u00e7in uygun ortam\u0131 sa\u011flamay\u0131 i\u00e7erir. Pakistan, BM g\u00f6zetiminde b\u00f6yle bir s\u00fcreci desteklemeye haz\u0131r oldu\u011funu defalarca belirtmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Sonu\u00e7 olarak Ke\u015fmir sorunu, uluslararas\u0131 toplum i\u00e7in ahlaki, hukuki ve siyasi bir s\u0131navd\u0131r. Pakistan’\u0131n tutumu nettir: Cammu ve Ke\u015fmir uluslararas\u0131 hukuk a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ihtilafl\u0131 bir b\u00f6lgedir, Hindistan’\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 gayrime\u015fru bir i\u015fgaldir ve Ke\u015fmir halk\u0131 kendi gelece\u011fini belirleme hakk\u0131na sahiptir. G\u00fcney Asya’da bar\u0131\u015f, ancak adalet, uluslararas\u0131 hukuka sayg\u0131 ve halk\u0131n iradesinin tan\u0131nmas\u0131yla sa\u011flanabilir.<\/p>\n
Makalenin yazar\u0131, edit\u00f6r, siyasi analist, kitap el\u00e7isi ve \u0130slamabad’da ya\u015fayan, bir\u00e7ok kitab\u0131n yazar\u0131d\u0131r. Kendisine [email\u00a0protected] adresinden ve X’te @AmanNaveed11 hesab\u0131ndan ula\u015f\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n
Naveed Aman Khan<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Cammu ve Ke\u015fmir sorunu, Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler g\u00fcndemindeki en eski \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclememi\u015f meselelerden biri olmaya devam ediyor. Edit\u00f6r, siyasi analist ve kitap el\u00e7isi Naveed Aman Khan konuyla ilgili \u00f6nemli bir makale kaleme ald\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":61903,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[6767,2605,1805,544,975],"class_list":["post-61902","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-siyaset","tag-kesmir","tag-pakistan","tag-sorun","tag-sure","tag-uluslararasi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bihavadis.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61902","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bihavadis.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bihavadis.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bihavadis.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bihavadis.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61902"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/bihavadis.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61902\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":61904,"href":"https:\/\/bihavadis.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61902\/revisions\/61904"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bihavadis.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/61903"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bihavadis.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61902"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bihavadis.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61902"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bihavadis.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61902"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}